ElysiumAN ATLAS OF GREEK MYTHOLOGY
The Underworldᾍδης

Hades.

Lord of the unseen

Hades: Greek God of the Underworld

Beyond the sunlight lies the kingdom of . Its ruler is stern, wealthy, and rarely persuaded to let anyone leave.

Ancient fresco interpretation of Hades with a bident, an underground river and three-headed Cerberus.
A PORTRAIT FROM MYTH · ᾍδης
BEYOND THE NAME

More than a myth.

is the brother of and . After the defeat of the , he receives the realm below the earth, while his brothers take the sky and sea. His name can mean both the god and the place he rules.

The tells how he abducts with ’s approval. The ensuing crisis forces a division of her year between her mother and the underworld. governs the dead; he is not the Greek personification of death itself, which is . His realm is part of the cosmic order rather than a simple equivalent of a place of punishment.

LOOK A LITTLE CLOSER

There’s more to the myth.

3 short readings

Lesser-known moments, places of worship, and stories that change with the storyteller. Follow each reference to the ancient voices behind it.

01Immortal, but not invulnerable

The ruler of death is wounded

In the , Dione recalls striking with an arrow. The wounded god goes to , where Paeon heals him. The episode distinguishes immortality from freedom from pain: even the ruler of the dead can suffer an injury and need another divine figure’s care.

READ THE SOURCEHomer, Iliad 5.382 onward
02A bargain at the boundary

The condition for taking Cerberus

The gives permission to take if he can overcome the hound without his weapons. establishes the condition rather than simply being defeated. also intervenes to protect a keeper of the underworld’s cattle, showing the royal pair governing their own household during the hero’s visit.

READ THE SOURCEPseudo-Apollodorus, Library 2.125 (Aldrich numbering)
03Myth becomes an argument

Can the dead be judged fairly?

In ’s Gorgias, reports that the wrong people are reaching the afterlife’s different destinations. changes the system so souls are judged without the disguises of wealth, status or bodily appearance. The story belongs to a philosophical argument about justice, rather than a universal Greek doctrine of death.

READ THE SOURCEPlato, Gorgias 523–524
EVERY FIGURE HAS CONNECTIONS

It’s a family affair.

Follow any connection
PARENTS
Ancient fresco interpretation of Hades with a bident, an underground river and three-headed Cerberus.

Hades

The underworld & the dead

No children represented in this edition.

WHERE THE THREADS LEAD

The stories of Hades.

Selected myths from this edition
GO BACK TO THE BEGINNING

Ancient voices.
Enduring stories.

Myths have many tellings. These are the ancient works behind this profile, linked to freely available English translations.

01
Pseudo-Apollodorus

Library

Book 1.2.1

02
Homeric Hymns · anonymous

Hymn to Demeter

Lines 1–32, 334–385

Readings above include further references to ancient works. Translations and source collections are hosted externally; the profile text is original editorial writing.
THE READING COMPANION

Explore the collected passages

Ancient testimonies, alternative versions and depictions, gathered by Theoi.

There’s always another connection.
A FEW PLACES TO BEGIN7 results